Wednesday 7 December 2016

UNCULTIVATED FOOD (Tribal knowledge on wild edible plants) : INDIA


                                            Tribal knowledge on wild edible plants :INDIA



SOURCE:http://www.niscair.res.in/sciencecommunication/researchjournals/rejour/ijtk/Fulltextsearch/2007/January%202007/IJTK-Vol%206(1)-January%202007-pp%20177-181.htm

Wild edible plants of Khasi, Jaintia and Garo tribes of Meghalaya
Plant name
Family
Local Names
Mode of Utilization




Acanthopanax trifoliatus Seem.
Araliaceae
Kenbut (G)
Young shoots cooked as vegetable
Adhatoda vasica Ness.
Acanthaceae
Devglamch (G)
Cooked as vegetable
Alocasia indica (Roxb.) Schott.
Araceae
Kimchit nokam (G)
Cooked as vegetable
Amaranthus gangeticus Linn.
Amaranthaceae
Chantili (G)
Cooked as vegetable
Amblyanthus glandulosus DC.
Myrsinaceae
Jia herew (J)
Cooked as vegetable
Amorphophallus bulbifer (Roxb.) Bl.
Araceae
Jiathynrew (J)
Cooked as vegetable
Antidesma acidum Retz.
Euphorbiaceae
Aburok-arabok (G)
Leaves eaten raw
Argyreia nervosa Burm.f.
Convolvulaceae
Soh ring kang (K)
Leaves eaten raw
Artocarpus chapalasha Roxb.
Moraceae
Soh-phan (K)
Cooked as vegetable
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.
Moraceae
Soh-phan (K)
Soh shram (J)
Dried powdered seeds boiled with water are eaten as a substitute for rice during famine or scarcity.
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Meliaceae
Neemu (G)
Cooked as vegetable
Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.
Euphorbiaceae
Soh ramdieng (K),
Dojuka (G)
Flower eaten raw
Bauhinia purpurea Linn.
Caesalpiniaceae
Muyung-laphang (K) megong (G)
Leaves and flowers cooked as vegetable
Begonia josephi Br.
Begoniaceae
Jajew (K)
Leaves cooked as vegetables.
Begonia palmate D. Don.
Begoniaceae
Hurmaw (G)
Young shoots cooked as vegetable
Begonia roxburghii (Miq.) DC.
Begoniaceae
Kimchare (G)
Leaves and shoots are cooked with dry fish
Begonia rubrovenia Hk.
Begoniaceae
Johusia (J)
Tender shoot is edible
Buddleja macrostachya Benth.
Buddijaceae
Jalong krem (J)
Bark is chewed with betel leaf
Calamus acanthospathus Griff.
Arecaceae
Rie (G)
Shoots are pounded, fermented, sun dried and stored for off season
Calamus erectus Roxb.
Arecaceae
Soh thri (K, J)
Fruits are eaten raw
Cardamine macrophylla Willd.
Brassicaceae
Unknown
Leaves are used as vegetable
Casearia graveolens Dalz.
Flacourtiaceae
Bolong miandok (G)
Leaves and twigs are cooked and used as vegetable
Castanopsis indica (Roxb.) DC.
Fagaceae
Chhakku khokrok (G)
Fruits are eaten raw
Centella asiatica Linn.
Apiaceae
Kynbat moina (K),
Brahmi (G)
Roots and leaves are eaten raw or cooked as vegetable
Chlorophytum arundinaceum Baker.
Liliaceae
Soh-kyian (J)
Cooked as vegetable
Cirsium involucratum DC.
Asteraceae
Soh chlia (J)
Seeds are aromatic, eaten raw
Codonopsis parviflora DC
Campanulaceae
Ja tyndong (J)
Leaves are cooked and eaten
Coix lacryma jobi Linn.
Poaceae
Sohriew (K)
Seed eaten raw or cooked
Colocasia esculenta Linn.
Araceae
Matchitangong (G)
Roots are cooked as vegetable
Corchorus olitorius Linn.
Tiliaceae
Mehku (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Corchorus aestuans Linn.
Tiliaceae
Amalthchu (G)
Roots are cooked as vegetable
Crateva magna (Lour.) DC.
Capparaceae
Jong sia (G)
Shoots are cooked and eaten
Crinum pretense FT.
Amaryllidaceae
Amaltchu (G)
Root are cooked as vegetable
Croton oblongifolius Roxb.
Euphorbiaceae
Marthu arong (G)
Leaves are used for fermenting liquor
Croton tiglium Linn.
Euphorbiaceae
Runi bih (G)
Fruits are used as antidote
Cucurbita moschata (Duch.) Poir.
Cucurbitaceae
Pathaw (K)
Cooked as vegetable
Cyathocalyx martabanicus Hk.f. & Th.
Annonaceae
Unknown
Ripe fruits is edible
Dendrocalamus halmiltonii Nees et Arn. Ex Munro.
Poaceae
Binh (G)
Shoot are pounded and used as pickle




Contd
[
Table 1—Wild edible plants of Khasi, Jaintia and Garo tribes of Meghalaya—(Contd)
Plant name
Family
Local Names
Mode of Utilization




Desmodium triflorum DC.
Fabaceae
Memang-mong-arabak (G)
Leaves are cooked with dry fish
Dillenia indica Linn.
Dilleniaceae
Agachi (G),
Dieng Soh Karbam (K)
Unripe fruits are cooked with dry fruits
Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.
Athyriaceae
Jhur Tyrkhang (K)
Fronds cooked as vegetable
Elaeagnus latifolia Linn.
Elaeagnaceae
Soh Shang (K, J),
chhokhua (G)
Fruit are eaten raw
Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl.
Elaeocarpaceae
Jolpai (G)
Fruits are edible and used for making pickle
Elatostema dissectum Wedd.
Urticaceae
Jhur khlow (J)
Leaves and fruits are edible, raw or cooked
Eryngium foetidum Linn.
Apiaceae
Etucha-bellock (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Fagopyrum dibotrys D. Don.
Polygonaceae
Jarain (K, J)
Tender shoot are cooked and eaten as vegetable
Ficus clavata Wall.ex Miq.
Moraceae
Slileshiat (J)
Leaves are eaten as vegetable
Ficus hispida Linn.
Moraceae
Thamusa (G)
Unripe fruits are cooked as vegetable and ripe ones are eaten raw
Flemingia vestita Backer.
Fabaceae
Sohphlang (K, J)
Tubers are eaten raw




Garcinia pedunculata D. Don.
Clusiaceae
Soh danae (K), Thizou (G)
Fruit are eaten raw
Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall.
Ericaceae
La thynrait (K, J)
Fruits edible, leaves used for tea
Gnetum montanum Mark.
Gnetaceae
Jagingriube (G)
The seeds are chewed as substitute for areca nut
Gomphogyne cissiformis Griff.
Cucurbitaceae
Jhur thliem (K)
Leaves cooked as vegetable
Gynocardia odorata Br.
Flacourtiaceae
Sohliang (K, J)
Fruit eaten raw
Hedyotis diffusa Willd.
Rubiaceae
Mangaluk (G)
Leaves are eaten with fish after childbirth
Hibiscus pungens Roxb.
Malvaceae
Kaldha (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Hodgsonia macrocarpa (Bl.) Cogn.
Curcurbitaceae
Soh-lyot (K)
Seed edible, leaves as silk worm feed
Homalomena aromatica Sch.
Araceae
Kimchit nokam (G)
Petiole are cooked as vegetable
Houttuynia cordata Thunb.
Sauraceae
Jamyrdoh (K, J)
Whole plant eaten raw
Ilex acuminate Benth.
Aquifoliaceae
Jiakeng (J)
Leaves cooked as vegetable
Ipomea racemosa Roth.
Convolvulaceae
Setre budu (G)
Cooked as vegetable
Ixeris gracilis DC.
Asteraceae
Khmut sim (K)
Leaves as vegetable
Ixora subsessilis Wall.
Rubiaceae
Sang rura (G)
Cooked preferably mixed with dry fish
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.
Cucurbitaceae
Sohprew (K)
Unripe fruit cooked as vegetable
Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.
Cucurbitaceae
Sohprew
Unripe fruit cooked as vegetable
Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg.
Euphorbiaceae
Setre budie (G)
Unripe fruits are cooked as vegetable
Malvastrum tricuspidatum Linn.
Malvaceae
Som zalik (G)
Seeds are cooked as vegetable and bark is used as condiments
Monochorias hastate (L.) Solms.
Pontederiaceae
Garopaksi gachli (G)
Petioles are cooked with dry fish
Moringa oleifera Lam.
Moringaceae
Sajna (G)
Leaves, flowers and fruits are usually cooked with dry fish
Myrica esculenta Ham. Ex D. Don.
Myricaceae
Sohphie (K)
Fruits are eaten raw or used as pickle
Myrica nagi Hook.f.
Myricaceae
Sohphie (K)
Eaten raw and also used for as pickle




Contd
[
Table 1—Wild edible plants of Khasi, Jaintia and Garo tribes of Meghalaya—(Contd)
Plant name
Family
Local Names
Mode of Utilization




Oxalis corniculata Linn.
Oxalidaceae
Soh dkhiew (K)
Plant as vegetable
Oxyspora paniculata DC.
Melastomataceae
Long tang (K)
Stem and leaves eaten as vegetable
Passiflora edulis Sims.
Passifloraceae
Sohbrab (K)
Ripe fruit are eaten raw
Pedicularis carnosa Wall.
Scrophulariaceae
Sam dipo (G)
samthapar (K)
Leaves and roots are
cooked as vegetable
Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK.
Peperomiaceae
Bithe (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus (Roxb.) Nees.
Acanthaceae
Verua kain cheit (G),
Jia merembut (J)
Leaves and flowers are cooked with fish and meat
Phrynium capitatum Willd.
Zingiberaceae
Balgate (G)
Roots are cooked as vegetable
Phyllanthus emblica Linn.
Euphorbiaceae
Bon bakeri (G)
Fruits are eaten raw also mixed with curry
Phyllanthus parvifolius Ham.
Euphorbiaceae
Jala mat kha (K),
memang ambri (G)
Fruits are eaten raw also mixed with curry
Piper diffusum Vahl.
Piperaceae
Sohmrit (K)
Fruit as spice
Plectranthus incanus Link.
Acanthaceae
Chichittoni (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Polygonum chinense Linn.
Polygonaceae
U niuh-tmar (K)
Shoots are pounded, fermented, and sun dried for off season use
Polygonum muricatum HK.f..
Polygonaceae
Jabuit (K)
Leaves as vegetable
Polygonum nepalense Meissn.
Polygonaceae
Ja-ut (K)
Leaves as vegetable
Polygonum orientale Linn.
Polygonaceae
Jalynnoh (K)
Leaves as vegetable
Portulaca oleracea Linn.
Portulacaceae
Stilchi (G)
Jiahusia (K)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Potentilla fulgens HK.
Rosaceae
Lynniang (K, J)
Root chewed with betel nut
Prunus nepalensis (Ser.) Steud. Ed.
Rosaceae
Sohiong (K, J)
Fruits edible
Pyrus communis Linn.
Rosaceae
Sohphoh (K, J)
Fruits edible
Rhododendron arboretum Sm.
Ericaceae
Tiewsaw (K, J)
Flower are eaten raw
Rhus semialata Murr.
Anacardiaceae
Sohsma (K, J)
Fruits edible
Rhynchotechum ellipticum (Wall ex Dietr) DC.
Gesneriaceae
Regong (G)
Leaves are cooked with dry fish
Rhynchotechum vestitum Hk.f. & T.
Gesneriaceae
Regong-chu (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable along with sodium bicarbonate
Rubus ellipticus Sm.
Rosaceae
Soh shiah (K,J)
Fruits edible
Rubus niveus Thunb.
Rosaceae
Soh khawiong (K)
Fruits edible
Rubus rugosus Sm.
Rosaceae
Soh nepbah (K)
Fruits edible
Rumex nepalensis Spr.
Polygonaceae
Jhur sniang (J)
Tender shoots used as vegetable
Smilax perfoliata Lour.
Smilacaceae
Shiah krot (K, J)
Shoot are pounded, fermented, extracted and then sun dried for off season use
Solanum ferox Linn.
Solanaceae
Soh khasi (K)
Fruits used as food; seeds for local drink
Solanum nigrum Linn.
Solanaceae
Soh ngang (K,J)
Fruits cooked as vegetables
Sonchus asper Linn.
Asteraceae
Jalynniar (K, J)
Leaves as vegetable
Sonchus oleraceous Linn.
Asteraceae
Soh lamjew (K)
Fruits are eaten raw
Strobilanthus coloratus T. Anders
Acanthaceae
Samoong (G)
Leaves are cooked as vegetable
Taxus baccata Linn.
Taxaceae
Sehblei (K, J)
Fruits are eaten raw
Viburnum foetidum Wall.
Caprifoliaceae
Sohlang (K, J)
Fruits edible
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.
Rutaceae
Jaiur khlaw (K)
Pungent and spicy fruits are used as spice
Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
Rutaceae
Jaiur (K, J)
Fruits are aromatic and used as spice
Zanthoxylum khasianum DC.
Rutaceae
Sumet-cheng (G),
Jaiur khasi (K, J)
Leaves as vegetable, fruits aromatic, gives a tingling sensation and usually used for chutney /spice
Zanthoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alst.
Rutaceae
Hajor (G)
Leaves as vegetable and the spine is of medicinal importance








OTHER RESOURCES:

Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge (IJTK)

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/43

Traditional knowledge: DOWNLOAD PDF :-
http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/43/simple-search?filterquery=Traditional+knowledge&filtername=subject&filtertype=equals






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