Himalaya Day – An Introduction

Himalaya Day – An Introduction

It has been observed since long time that the developmental activities on Himalaya are destroying the flora and fauna of Himalaya at large. Many environmentalists and civil society activists observed the destructive activities on Himalaya and decided to draw the attention of people and government to show the concerns of development in Himalaya range.

Himalaya’s significance is not only for the India and its people but it is base for the whole of South Asia. The Environmentalists and Civil Society actors felt that there was need to formulate comprehensive policy for all issues related to environment, social and scientific in the context of Himalaya.

Himalaya Day for the first time was observed on 9^th September, 2010 on initiation of SADED by many groups of environmentalists and civil society and it was decided to conduct discussions and debates on Himalaya throughout the country (India).

SADED organised First Himalaya Day on 9^th September, 2010 at Gandhi Peace Foundation, New Delhi in collaboration with 32 other leading organizations of India to show its concern to protect the world’s longest and tallest range and its ecosystems. This celebration was attended by many prominent social and environmental activists including Mr. Sundarlal Bahuguna, Ms. Radha Bhatt, Prof. Girjesh Pant (VC, Doon University), Prof. Anil Joshi, Mr. Pradeep Tamta (the then M.P.  From SADED Vijay Pratap, Bhuwan Pathak, Rajni Kant Mudgal and Gopal Ram etc.

Ex-Minister/Ambassador and the then Member of Parliament Dr. Karan Singh released Uttarakhand Manifesto draft for wider circulation and open discussion on this occasion. SADED is being celebrating 9^th September as Himalaya Day every year since then.

The initiative started by SADED to observe 9^th September as Himalaya Day got massive support from the people, resultantly the Uttarakhand Government has forced to officially announce 9^th September as Himalaya Diwas (Himalaya Day) on 9.9.2014 to spread the message of conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems and declared that from 2015, the day would be celebrated by the State Government.

The SADED has observed Himalaya Day every year since 2010 and this year also SADED has organised a meeting on 8^th September, 2015 to celebrate Himalaya Day at New Delhi.

Prabodh

Consultant-Coordinator

fgeky;h tu ?kks’k.kki=

fgeky;h uhfr dk izk:i

 

ge bl izk:i dks bl fo”okl ds lkFk fgeky; fnol 9 flrEcj 2010 dks tkjh dj jgs gSa fd vkxkeh ,d o’kZ rd bl izk:i ij O;kid laokn o cgl gks ldsA  O;kid Lrj esa fd, x, cgl ds  ckn] bls 9 flrEcj 2011 dks fgeky; dh turk dh vksj ls ns”k o nqfu;ka ds fofHkUu vkUnksyu leqgksa] cqf)thfo;ksa] fofHkUu jktuSfrd nyksa] ljdkjksa] “kks/k laLFkkvksa o fopkjdksa ds le{k j[kk tk,xkA

9 flrEcj 2010 & fgeky; fnol ds volj ij

xka/kh “kkfUr izfr’Bku] ubZ fnYyh

 


fgeky;h tu ?kks’k.kk i= dk izk:e vyx&vyx le; ij vyx&vyx lkfFk;ksa o laxBuksa }kjk fy[ks x;s nLrkostksa o izk:iksa ds vk/kkj ij ladfyr fd;k x;k] bls iwjh lexzrk o O;kid utfj;sa ls fy[ks tkus dh vko”;drk gS] bl izkjfEHkd izk:i dks vk/kkj cukdj o’kZ Hkj fgeky; o nsश ds fofHkUu laLFkkuksa] vkUnksyu lewgksa] jktuSfrd nyksa] ukxfjd lekt ds laxBuksa ds lkFk O;kid fopkj foe”kZ fd;k tk;sxk] ;g izk:i lcds lq>koksa izLrkoksa ds fy, [kqyk gSaA 


lgHkkxh laxBu %xka/kh 'kkafr izfr"Bku] gfjr Lojkt vfHk;ku] unh cpkvks vfHk;ku] fgeky; lsok la?k] lSMsM] fgeky; uhfr laokn] fgeky; cpkvks&fgeky; clkvks vfHk;ku] fge uhfr vfHk;ku] E;j igkM+] yksdk;u] tu i{k vktdy] izoklh usikyh ,drk eap] tu laidZ lfefr ¼usiky½] ioZrh; yksd fodkl lfefr] gsLdks] fgedksu] fgeky;h i;kZoj.k laj{k.k tu vfHk;ku] mÙkjk[k.M loksZn; e.My] y{eh vkJe dkSlkuh] ioZrh; cky eap] mÙkjk[k.M efgyk lek[;k] ifjorZu ikVhZ] fgeky; VªLV] j{kk lw= vkUnksyu] vFkZ VªLV 

fgeky;h tu ?kks’k.kki=&fgeky;h uhfr dk izk:i

fgeky; Hkkjr gh ugha] nf{k.k ,f”k;k ds fo”kky eSnkuksa] ufn;ksa rFkk laiUu ekuo lektksa dk fuekZ.kdrkZ vkSj mudk j{kd jgk gSA vkt Hkh og Hkkjr lfgr dbZ ns”kksa dks dqy ehBs ikuh dh ekax dk 40 izfr”kr rd nsrk gS rFkk ogh gekjh “kq) ok;q ¼vkWDlhtu½ dk Hk.Mkj gSA blh ioZr Ja`[kyk }kjk fn;s x;s ty vkSj feêh ls tEew&d”ehj] iatkc&gfj;k.kk] fgekapy izns'k] mÙkjk[k.M] mÙkj izns”k] fcgkj] caxky rFkk mÙkj iwohZ lkrksa jkT;ksaa lfgr ckaXykns”k o ikfdLrku vFkkZr yxHkx lkjk miegk}hi le`) gqvk gSA bl izdkj fgeky; bl lkjs fo”kky {ks= dks thou nsus o ;gka dh tyok;q dks larqfyr djus okyk gSA ;g gekjh o fo”o dh lk>h fojklr gSA nq%[k gS fd orZeku fodkl dh miHkksxoknh vo/kkj.kk ds pyrs fgeky; dh mDr Hkwfedk dks ,d fljs ls udkj fn;k x;k gS vkSj ;g Hkh Hkqyk fn;k x;k gS fd fgeky;] fo”o dk ,d f”k”kq ioZr gS vkSj bldh jpuk vHkh Hkh cgqr laosnu”khy o uktqd gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa mldh jpuk o Ik;kZoj.k ls NsM+&NkM+ djuk ?kkrd gSA

;g egku~ ioZr dbZ ns”kksa dh lhekvksa dks Nwrk gS vkSj ,d cM+s Hkw&Hkkx dh tyok;q dk fu;eu djrk gSA HkkSfrd le`f) ds lzksr ds vykok ;g lkaLd`frd izjs.kk ,oa HkkoukRed  ,drk dk izrhd gSA lEiw.kZ ekuo&tkfr ds fy, fgeky; vk/;kfRed izsj.kk vkSj “kkfUr dk lzksr jgk gSA ysfdu vkt ogh fgeky; ioZr ifjfLFkfrdh; ladV] fodkl dh xyr uhfr;ksa ds QyLo:i vlUrks’k vkSj v”kkafr dk dsUnz cu x;k gSA tks fd tkxfrd fpUrk dk fo’k; gSA

tu lk/kj.k dh psruk esa fgeky; dk vFkZ dsoy unh] ioZr] vkSj isM+ksa ls gh gksrk gS tcfd okLro esa fgeky; vQxkfuLrku ls ysdj oekZ rd QSyk gqvk gS ftlesa dbZ tM+h&cwfV;ka] ty lzksr] taxyh tkuojksa vkfn ds lkFk djksM+ksa yksxksa dk fuokl LFkku Hkh gS vkSj tks ogk¡ dh fodV HkkSxksfyd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa viuk thou th jgs gSaA bl iwjs {ks= esa yksdra= ds la?k’kZ] izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dks cpkus ds tukUnksyu] jk’VªjkT;ksa ds vkilh la?k’kZ o eueqVko] jktuSfrd vyxko o neu tSls la?k’kksZa us foxr 4&5 n”kdksa esa bl iwjs {ks= dks ,d Nn~e;q) dk eSnku cuk fn;k vkSj bldk lcls cM+k dkj.k gekjs jk’Vª jkT;ksa us bl fof”k’V HkkSxksfyd bdkbZ ds fy, dksbZ i`Fkd fodkl dh ;kstuk ugh cukbZA

bl iwjs {ks= ds i;kZoj.kh; yksdrU= o lekt dks cpkus gsrq i`Fkd fgeky;h ;kstuk dh vfuok;Zrk gSA bl gsrq ge lHkh fgeky; o xSj fgeky; oklh blds laj{k.k o lao/kZu gsrq ,dtqV gksdj iz;kljr jgus dk ladYi nksgjkrs gSa rFkk bl izLrkfor fgeky;h tu ^?kks’k.kk i=* ds ek/;e ls ;gk¡ dh ljdkjksa] jktuSfrd nyksa] “kks/k laLFkkvksa rFkk vke turk ds lkFk laokn vk;ksftr djuk pkgrs gSa] bl laokn ds ek/;e ls tks izLrko] lq>ko lkeus vk;saxs mudks bl izLrkfor tu?kks’k.kk esa “kkfey fd;k tk;sxkA 9 flrEcj 2010 ls 9 flrEcj 2011 rd lr~r laokn ds ek/;e ls bl ^?kks’k.kk i=* dks le`) o O;kid cukus dk dke yxkrkj tkjh jgsxkA

orZeku esa ekStwn Hkksxoknh lH;rk dh cqfu;kn ij vk/kkfjr uhfr;ksa us ty] taxy vkSj [kfut lEinkvksa dk “kks’k.k djus dh xfr dks rhoz dj fn;k gS blhfy, ge bl ?kks’k.kk i= ds ek/;e ls dguk pkgrs gSaA

1-     fgeky; esa NksVh&cM+h izLrkfor ck¡/k ifj;kstuk,a gekjh fpUrk dk fo’k; gSa( buesa ls dqN ij rks vuqlU/kku py jgk gSA ,slh lHkh ;kstukvksa dk mÌs”; ;gk¡ ds ifjos”k dks fcxkM+ dj vkSj yksxksa dks mtkM+ dj] cM+s m|ksxksa] uxjksa vkSj lEiUu {ks=ksa dks fctyh] ikuh ¼og Hkh {kf.kd ykHk ds fy,½ igq¡pkuk gSA bl {ks= ls thus ds fy, vfuok;Z ^ty^ tSls lk/kuksa dk fu;kZr {ks=h; vlUrqyu dks c<+kus okyk ,oa vU;k;iw.kZ dne gSA ;g ,d dkuwuh MdSrh gS ftls jksduk gj ukxfjd dk igyk dÙkZO; gSA

2-     fodkl ds uke ij pyus okyh ?kkrd izo`fÙk;ksa] ouksa dk O;kikfjd “kks’k.k] [kuu vkSj /kjrh dks Mqckus o yksxksa dks mtkM+us okys cka/kksa] /kjrh dks dEik;eku djus okys Hk;adj ;kfU=d foLQksVksa] tSlh ?kkrd izo`fÙk;ksa ds dkj.k fgeky;okfl;ksa ds lkeus ftUnk jgus dk ladV iSnk gks x;k gSA ge fgeky;okfl;ksa] fgeky; izsfe;ksa vkSj ekuo&thou dh xfjek ij fo”okl j[kus okyksa dk vius ftUnk jgus ds vf/kdkj dh j{kk ds fy,] budk MVdj fojks/k djus ds fy, vkâku djrs gSaA ladVxzLr fgeky; dh j{kk ds fy, u;h vkSj nh?kZdkyhu fgeky; uhfr dh vko”;drk gS blds i;kZoj.kh; o lkekftd ifjos”k dks cpkus rFkk lEiw.kZ fgeky;h {ks= esa izkd`frd ?kjksgjksa dk yksdrkaf=d ijEijk ls bLrseky djus ,oa ;gk¡ ds fuokfl;ksa ds fodkl ds fy, rRdky dne mBk;s tk;sa &

3-     vc rd lHkh izdkj dh vflafpr <kynkj Hkwfe dk] pkgs og lajf{kr ou gks ;k lkewfgd vFkok futh ou gksa] mudk Hkwfe mi;ksx losZ{k.k djokdj ikuh dh O;oLFkk dh tk;s ftlls Qy] pkjk o js”kk iztkfr ds ikS/kksa ds jksi.k dh c`gn ;kstuk cusA o`{kksa dh iSnkokj nsus rd yksxksa dks budks yxkus o ns[kHkky ds fy, jkstxkj fn;k tk;sA ;s lkjs o`{k yksxksa dh futh laifÙk gksaxsa vkSj vuUr dky rd mUgsa jkstxkj nsdj vFkZO;oLFkk dks le`) cuk;saxsA eSnkuh {ks=ksa ds fy, igkM+ksa ls fujUrj mitkÅ feÍh feysxhA ufn;ksa dk cgko fLFkj gksxk vkSj ty leL;k gy gksxhA

4-     rhFkZ&;kf=;ksa] izd`fr&n”kZu ,oa “kkafr dh [kkst esa vkus okys yksxksa dh lqfo/kk ds fy, igkM+h “kSyh esa NksVs&NksVs vkokl&x`g cukus ds fy, LFkkuh; yksxksa dks mnkj lgk;rk iznku dh tk;sA lkSan;Z&LFkyksa dk laj{k.k vkSj mudh vksj tkus okys iSny ekxksaZ dk lq/kkj ,oa j[kj[kko fd;k tk;sA

5-     bl fpUrk ds vfrfjDr gekjh fpUrk mu Xysf”k;jksa ds fy;s Hkh gS tks rsth ls ?kVrs tk jgs gSa vkSj tks xaxk] ;equk] flU/kq] lryqqt tSlh gekjh fo”kky ufn;ksa ds ty Hk.Mkj jgs gSaA izfro’kZ ;gka ds Hkwfexr ty Hk.Mkj dks Hkjus okyh o’kkZ vkSj oQZckjh dh ek=k Hkh ?kVrh tk jgh gSA fgeky; ds ty lzksr] >jus] >hysa cQkZuh o xSjcQkZuh ufn;ka lw[krh tk jgh gSaA ftuds dkj.k djksM+ksa mÙkjHkkjrh; vkSj fgeky; okfl;ksa dh vkthfodk lekIr gksus dh dxkj ij vk ldrh gSA

6-     fgeky; ds Ik;kZoj.k larqyu dh fxjrh fLFkfr ds lkFk ;gka ds tu leqnk;ksa ds izkd`frd lEinkvksa ij tks LokfeRo rFkk muds izca/ku o mi;ksx djus ds tks vf/kdkj Fks o Øe”k% fNurs x;s gSa ftlls budk thou dfBu ls dfBurj gksrk tk jgk gSA bl dkj.k fgeky; ds dqN {ks=ksa ls tu iyk;u c<+rk tk jgk gSA

7-     fgeky; dh bu leL;kvksa dk dkj.k orZeku miHkksx iz/kku fodkl uhfr jgh gSA vr% gekjk fuosnu gS fd vrqyuh; lkSUn;Z rFkk vk/kk;Re rFkk vkLFkk ds /kuh fgeky; {ks= tks fd ty] taxy o tehu dk j{kd Hkh gS] dks O;olk;h nksgu ls eqDr fd;k tk,A vk/;kRe] vkLFkk o ns”k dk tyok;q larqyu cuk, j[kus okyh mldh Hkwfedk dks loksZijh egRo nsdj mlds vuq:Ik fgeky; dh ,d fHkUu o lexz uhfr fu/kkZfjr dh tk,( ftlls ;gka ds fuoklh vius ty] taxy] tehu] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa o tho&tUrqvkas ds lkFk larqfyr lgvfLRkRo ds lkFk th ldsaA okLro esa fgeky; ds ljksdkj vFkkZr ;gka dk lkSUn;Z] vk/;kRe o bldh vlhe lEink] lEiw.kZ Hkkjr o fo”o dh lk>h fpUrk gksuh pkfg,A

8-     fgeky; dh izkd`frd lEink ds }kjk O;olk;hdj.k dh dksbZ izo`fr ugha pykbZ tk,A le`) izd`fr dh eS=h esa ;gka ds fuoklh Je”khy] izfr’Bkiw.kZ] lE;d thou th ldsa] blds fy;s ^dk'rdkjh* ;gka dh vkthfodk dk eq[; lzksr ekuk tk;s u fd Hkkjh m|ksxA dk”rdkjh dks vf/kd ls vf/kd l{ke cukus ds fy;s fo”ks’k dq”kyrkvksa dks c<+kus ds fofHkUu iz;kl ljdkj dh vksj ls gksus pkfg,A blesa d`f’k] ckxokuh] tM+h&cwVh mRiknu] Qwyksa dh [ksrh] Ik”kqikyu] e/kqeD[kh ikyu o buds ewY; o/kZudkjh dk;ZØe lekfgr gksaA ^dk”rdkjh* dh iwjd O;oLFkk ds :Ik esa dqVhj o y?kq m|ksx gksa o mUgsa fo”ks’k laj{k.k fn;k tk;A

9-             fgeky; Hkkjh m|ksxksa] ty] taxy] tehu o ;gka dh izd`fr ds lkFk NsM+&NkM+ o mudk “kks’k.k djus okyh ty fo|qr ifj;kstukvksa] O;oLkkf;d [kuu m|ksxksa rFkk fofHkUu izdkj dh O;kikfjd fØ;kvksa vkfn ls eqDr gksA

10-          ty] taxy o tehu ij ;gka ds dk”rdkj o tu leqnk;ksa dk LokfeRo gks o mudh vkthfodk laca/kh mi;ksx] izca/ku o fu;kstu djus dk mUgsa iw.kZ vf/kdkj gksA d`f’k ;ksX; Hkwfe dk fdlh vU; mÌs'; ds fy;s mi;ksx ljdkjh o lkeqnkf;d vuq”kklu ds vUrxZr izfrcaf/kr gks vFkok fo”k’k loZfgrdkjh dk;Z ds fy;s iwjs xzke leqnk;ksa dh lEiw.kZ lEefr vfuok;Z gksA

11-          fgeky;h vkjf{kr ouksa ds fy;s ,d fo”ks’k dk;Z&uhfr cuas tSls fd ;gka dh Åaph pksfV;ka iwjh rjg pkSM+h iÙkh iztkfr ds o`{kksa ls Ms<+&nks fdyksehVj dh nwjh rd <d nh tk;A phM+ ¼ikbu½ o`{kksa dks nks fdyksehVj ls uhps rd /khjs&/khjs gVk fn;k tk;A os ioZrksa ds fupys Hkkx esa fefJr ouksa ds :Ik esa lhfer jgsa D;ksafd ufn;ksa ds ty izokg dks c<+kus o ok;q e.My esa ueh c<+kdj o’kkZ o cQZckjh ds fy;s vuqdwy fLFkfr;ka iSnk djus ds fy;s ;g vko”;d gSA bl dk;Z uhfr ij ;q) Lrj ij dk;Z fd;k tk; blds vykok lEiw.kZ ou foHkkx dk iqu%izf'k{k.k ijEijkxr ouksa dh laj{k.k fo/kk ij gksuk pkfg, vkSj ouksa dk O;olkf;d nksgu fcYdqy ugha gksuk pkfg,A

12-          <kapkxr fodkl djrs le; LFkkuh; Hkw&vkd`fr;ksa rFkk Ik;kZoj.kh; fLFkfr;ksa o tu&thou dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, vuqdwy rduhdksa dk bLrseky fd;k tk;A tSls& lM+dksa dk fuekZ.k] ck;ksbUthfu;fjax vFkok (Green Road Concept) ds vuqlkj fd;k tk,A laosnu”khy {ks=ksa esa jTtq ekXkZ o ok;q ekXkZ dks izkFkfedrk nh tk,A

13-          fgeky; dh rjkbZ esa uxjhdj.k o m|ksxhdj.k dh vuqefr u nh tk;A mlds fy, d``f’k ds lkFk ouhdj.k dh fo”ks’k ;kstuk cus] ftlls fgeky; dks c<+rh xehZ ls cpkus ds fy;s ,d gfjr iêh (Green Belt) cu ldsA

14-          fgeky; {ks= esa ^lst* (SEZ)  rFkk vU; {ks=ksa ds yksxksa ds vkjkexkgksa ds fy;s Hkwfe dh [kjhn&Qjks[r ij izfrca/k ds fy;s dM+s dkuwu cUkk;s tk;A

15-          vUrjkZ’Vªh; dkcZu VªsfMax ds vuqca/kksa ls fgeky; {ks= dks eqDr j[kk tk;A

16-          tyok;q&ifjorZu o oSf'od rkieku c`f) ls fgeky; {ks= esa iM+ jgs izHkkoksa dk O;ofLFkr oSKkfud v/;;u fd;k tk; rkfd fLFkfr dh xEHkhjrk le>dj mlds fujkdj.k ds Bksl o izd`fr vk/kkfjr mik; fd;s tk ldsaA

17-    fgeky; ioZr vius vki esa fofHkUu ns”kksa vQxkfuLrku] HkwVku] usiky] Hkkjr] ikfdLrku] ckaXykns”k o E;kaekj dh yEch ljgnksa dks lesVs gq,s gSA blfy;s bu {ks=ksa ds izR;sd fuoklh ds fy;s LFkkuh; lEekuiw.kZ jkstxkj] lUrqfyr iks"kd vkgkj o fuokl dh O;oLFkk] LokLF; lsok;sa o muds thou ds fy;s mi;qDr f”k{kk dh O;oLFkk gks rks fgeky; {ks= esa jgus dk vkd’kZ.k cuk jgsxk vkSj og ;gka ls yksxksa ds Ikyk;u dks jksdus dk ,d vPNk mik; gksxkA jkstxkj ds volj d`f’k ouk/kkfjr y?kq m|ksx ds }kjk [kk| izlaLdj.k o oL= mRiknu] tSls vU; dk;Z gks ldrs gSaA tgka vko”;d gks yksxksa ds gquj o dyk&dkS”ky&lao/kZu ds fy;s izf”k{k.k dh t:jr gksxhA ;s izf”k{k.k laLFkkuksa dh pkjnhokjksa ds Hkhrj ugha oju~ {ks= esa ml txg ij gksa tgka dke dks lQy gksuk gSA izf”k{k.k rc rd pyrk jgs] tc rd og ;wfuV lQy u gks tk;A ;s lHkh dk;Z Ik;kZoj.k ds vuqdwy gksus pkfg, rFkk fgeky; {ks= ds fouk”k dh dher ij vk/kkfjr dksbZ vkfFkZd fodkl u gksA mRiknu vf/kd ls  vf/kd yksxksa ¼cgqtuksa½ ds }kjk gks u fd vf/kd ek=k esa mRiknu gksA oks 'Production by the masses not the mass production' dks pfjrkFkZ djsA  

18-   fgeky;h {ks= ds fy;s ,d ,slh f”k{kk uhfr dh vko”;drk gS tks yksxksa dks mudh LFkkuh; ijEijkxr cUnksoLrksa ls tksM+s jg lds] u fd muds izfr mis{kk o vyxko iSnk djus okyh gks vkSj u gh yksxksa dks mudh laLd`fr ls vyx&Fkyx djrh gksA ogka ds LFkkuh; yksxksa dks  ijEijkxr vuqHkoksa ls Kku izkIr gqvk gS tks fd  thou ds gj dke ds fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS blfy, fgeky;h f”k{kk uhfr esa dk ;g vfHkUu Hkkx gksuk pkfg,A ogka nh tkus okyh Kku&O;OkLFkk LFkkuh; yksxkssa ds thou ds gj vax tSls& ikuh] Hkwfe] ou] o ekuo ds vkil esa lEca/k] mudk LokLF;] muds feFkd o deZdk.MA

19-   lEiw.kZ fgeky; {ks= ds fy;s ,d dpjk izca/ku uhfr cukus dh vko”;drk gS rkfd ;gka ds ty lzksrksa dks o ioZrh; <ykuksa dks iznwf’kr gksus ls cpk;k tk ldsA

Hkkjh o fo"kSys rRoksa okys dpjs dh tykxe {ks=ksa esa mifLFkfr rFkk ;gka cu jgs uxjksa dh LoPNrk o eyew= fuiVkus dh O;oLFkk ugha gksus ls vkSj ;gka vkus okyh tula[;k ij dksbZ fu;a=.k ugha gksus ls fLFkfr T;knk [krjukd gks jgh gSA ;gka ds fuokfl;ksa ;gka vkus okys i;ZVdksa ds LokLF; ds lkFk&lkFk bl {ks= dh ifo=rk o lkSUn;Z dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy;s ;g vR;Ur vko”;d gS fd iwjs fgeky; {ks= esa ,d leku lkoZHkkSe LoPNrk ds ekudksa dks fu/kkZfjr o fØ;kfUor fd;s tkus dh uhfr cusA

20-    fgeky;h Ik;kZoj.k dks uqdlku igaqpkus okys cM+s cka/kksa o lqjaxksa okyh iufctyh ifj;kstukvksa ds LFkku ij NksVh&lw{e fo|qr mRiknu okyh bZdkb;ksa dks c<+kok nsuk pkfg,] ftUgsa bl {ks= ds csjkstxkj ;qok lapkfyr djsa vkSj muls mRikfnr ÅtkZ ls xzke Lrj ij y?kq o x`g m|ksxksa dk lapkyu djsaA orZeku le; esa izLrkfor o fuekZ.kk/khu cM+h o lqjax ty fo|qr ifj;kstukvksa ij rRdky izHkko ls jksd yxkuh pkfg,A mUgas can djds Hkfo’; esa bl izdkj dh ifj;kstuk;sa u rks cukbZ tk;sa vkSj u gh futh dEifu;ksa }kjk lapkfyr dh tk;saA

20-1   lkSj ÅtkZ ds ifjokj o xzke Lrjh; O;olkf;d mi;ksx dh laHkkoukvksa ij vkSj

vPNh rjg Ikz;kl gksus pkfg,A

20-2   fgeky;h {ks= esa iou ÅtkZ ds mfpr mi;ksx gsrq “kks/k ,oa foLr`r v/;;u “kq: djus dh vko”;drk gSA

20-3   ikuh ds izkd`frd cgko o ty izikrksa ij vk/kkfjr iufctyh bZdkb;ksa dk lapkyu LFkkuh; yksxksa ls ppkZ djus ds ckn mldk nLrkosthdj.k o lapkyu muds }kjk gh djokuk pkfg,A mijksDr lHkh izdkj ds dk;Z fgeky;h {ks= ds yksxksa }kjk gh lEikfnr fd;s tk;saA

20-4   ?kjkV tSlh gfjr rduhd dks c<+kok nsdj mlls fctyh mRiknu lfgr vU; vks|kSfxd dke fy, tkus gsrq dksbZ Li’V ;kstuk cusA

21-   fgeky; ds HkwdEih; laosnu”khy {ks= esa ikjEifjd vkokl ogkW dh lEiw.kZ Ik;kZoj.k O;oLFkk ds vuqdwy FksA LFkkuh; lkexzh rFkk fMtkbu ds iz;ksx ds dkj.k ckg~; Hkou fuekZ.k lkexzh tSls& LVhy o lhes.V dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk FkkA ogka ,d ,slh Hkou fuekZ.k uhfr dh t:jr gS tks LFkkuh; fMtkbu o lkexzh ds mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsA Hkwdaih; n`f’V ls laosnu”khy fgeky;h {ks= esa Hkwdaijks/kh Hkouksa ds fuekZ.k dh uhfr cusA

22-   fgeky; {ks= esa Ik;ZVu dh cgqr cM+h lEHkkouk;sa gSaA orZeku le; esa foyklh ikap flrkjk Ik;ZVu LFky izkd`frd laLkk/kuksa dh nqyZHkrk dk /;ku j[ks fcuk o LFkkuh; yksxksa dh vko”;drk iwfrZ dh mis{kk djds O;olkf;d dke ds fy;s lalk/kuksa dk va/kk/kaq/k mi;ksx djrs gSaaaaA budk lcls f?kukSuk vijk/k gS fd ;s fgeky; ds ljy tu lekt dh ckfydkvksa dk Ik;ZVdksa ds fy;s ;kSu O;kikj Hkh djkrk gSA bl izdkj dk Ik;ZVu dsoy /kuifr;ksa dks gh ykHk nsrk gS] vke tu blls ykHkkfUor ugha gksrk cfYd blls fgeky; dh lqUnj lkaLd`frd] izkd`frd o lkekftd Lke`f) u’V gksrh gSA vr% ;gka dh laLd`fr izd`fr o tu lekt dk lEeku djus okyh ,slh ^yksd Ik;ZVu uhfr* cukuh pkfg,] ftldk lapkyu ;gka ds LFkkuh; okfl;ksa] ;qok laxBuksa] xzke lHkkvksa o leqnk; }kjk feydj fd;k tkuk pkfg, mudk ykHk ;gkW ds vke ifjokjksa dh lekurk ds vk/kkj ij gksuk pkfg,A  

bl izdkj ds yksd Ik;ZVu&O;oLFkk ds mnkgj.k mÙkjk[k.M ,oa vU; jkT;ksa esa dgha & dgh fo|eku gSA Ik;ZVdksa dh la[;k fu;af=r dh tk, blds fy, HkwVku dk mnkgj.k vuqdj.kh; gSA

23-   lEiw.kZ fgeky;h {ks= Hkh’k.k izkd`frd vkinkvksa dk xokg jgk gS blh o’kZ ikfdLrku dh ck<+]  ysg esa ckny QVuk] mÙkjk[k.M esa HkwL[kyu tSlh ?kVukvksa us lSdM+ksa yksxksa dh tku yhA blfy, lEiw.kZ fgeky; ds fy, ^^,dy fgeky;h vkink izca/ku uhfr** cuk;h tk,A

24-   lEiw.kZ fgeky; ds nwjnjkt {ks=ksa esa O;kid laidZ o lwpuk rU= dh O;oLFkk gks mlds fy, jk’Vªh; o vUrjk’Vªh; Lrj ij uhfr cukbZ tk;A

25-   fgeky;h {ks= esa izkd`frd vkinkvksa o ljdkj }kjk cuk;s tkus okyh fodkl ifj;kstukvksa ds dkj.k tks foLFkkiu gks jgk gS mlds pyrs Li’V iquZokl uhfr cukbZ tkuh pkfg,A

26-    bu nksuksa dkuwuksa dks turk ds vf/kdkjksa rFkk tku&eky dh lqj{kk dks /;ku esa j[kdj cuk;k tk;] budks yksdrkaf=d ewY;ksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj iquZifjHkkf’kr rFkk fgeky;h Hkwxksy dks /;ku esa j[kdj budks cuk;k tk;A

27-    fgeky;h {ks= ds fodkl dk;ksZa dh ;kstuk cukus rFkk lapkyu o laiknu gsrq i`Fkd fgeky;h ;kstuk vk;ksx dk xBu fd;k tk; ftlesa fgeky;h Hkwxksy] lekt ,oa laLd`fr ds tkudkj yksxksa dks j[kk tk;A

28-    lEiw.kZ fgeky;h {ks= esa lHkh jktuSfrd nyksa dks de [kpsZ esa vijk/k eqDr rFkk lkQ lqFkjs pqukoksa dk ok;nk s djuk gksxk rkfd Hkfo’; esa eagxs o vijk/kh pqukoksa ds dkj.k ;gka dh izkd`frd lEink ds yqVus dk [krjk u gksA 

29-   fgeky;&{ks= esa fofo/k izdkj dh ouLifr vkSj tUrq&iztkfr;k¡ gS ftuesa dqN nqyZHk gks x;h gSaA mu lcdh tSfod fofo/krk dk;e j[kukA

30-   igkM+ksa dh eq[; dk;Zokgh “kfDr efgyk,a gSaA fiNyh vkB iapo’khZ; ;kstukvksa esa efgykvksa dks d"Vksa ls eqfDr fnykus ds fy, dksbZ Hkh dk;ZØe ugha gq, gSa] blfy, izR;sd jktuSfrd i{k vkSj mEehnokj fgeky; {ks= esa fuEufyf[kr dk;ZØeksa dh izkFkfedrk ds vk/kkj ij fØ;kfUor djus dk fyf[kr opu nsaA

31-   izR;sd xk¡o ds fudV ?kkl ¼pkjk½] ydM+h ¼bZa/ku½ vkSj ikuh lqyHk djkus dh O;oLFkk gksxh]

31-1 vfuok;Zr% “kjkc cUnh gks vkSj 

31-2 ikfjokfjd thou dh cgkyh ds fy,] Þ/kkj ,sap ik.kh] <ky ij MkykA fctyh o.kkok] [kkyk&[kkykßA ¼igkM+ksa dh pksVh ij ikuh] <kyksa ij o`{k vkSj gj ukys ls fctyh cus½ dks lkFkZd djsaA

32-    blds lalk/kuksa ij vk/kkfjr gS] ftUgas LFkkuh; fuoklh lajf{kr j[krs gSA vr% fgeky; dks cpkus o cukus esa LFkkuh; fuokfl;ksa dh Hkwfedk gh lcls egRroiw.kZ gSA

33-    ,d fjlkWlZ dszfMV dk;Zfof/k dh LFkkiuk fgeky; ds fodkl dh vko”;drk gSA D;ksafd laosnu”khy fgeky; esa vU; fodkl lEHko ugha gSA vr% mijksDr dk;Zfof/k ,d vkiwfrz ds :i  esa dk;Z dj ldrk gSA ftl lalk/ku dk mi;ksx LFkkuh; vko”;drkvksa dh iwfrZ es yxk;k tk ldrk gSA

34-    ikfjfLFkfrdh; jkstxkj volj tSls fd ouhdj.k] ty laj{k.k] e`nk izcU/ku] ou izcU/ku dks lcls egRoiw.kZ LFkku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A D;ksafd buls gh fgeky; dh fLFkjrk lEHko gSA

35-    xzkeh.k jkstxkj dk Lo:i  LFkkuh; lalk/kuks dks lqn`<+ djus ij gksuk pkfg,A

36-    fgeky; ds lalk/kuksa dh ?kVrh {kerk ij jiV rS;kj gksuh pkfg,A

37-    gok feV~Vh] ikuh es LFkkuh; Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf”pr dj yECkh vof/k ds fy, ekuns; vkiwfrZ r; dh tkuh pkfg,A

38-    xzkeh.k ekWMy ij vk/kkfjr ,dhd`r Kku dk mi;ksxdj fofHkUu xzkeh.k mRiknu O;oLFkkvksa ij dk;Z gksuk pkfg,A

39-    fofHkUu eU=ky;ksa dks fgeky; ds ifjis{; es vkilh rkyesy dh ppkZ dh vkgqfr gksuh pkfg,A ;g fofHkUu fodkl ck/kkvksa ds fujkdj.k ds fy;s vko”;d gksxkA D;ksafd fgeky; dh fLFkjrk LFkkuh; yksxks ij fuHkZj djrh gSA vr% xzkeh.k eU=ky; Hkkjr ljdkj dh eq[; Hkkxhnkjh gksuh pkfg,A

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